声发射技术在试件疲劳试验中的预警作用

将声发射动态无损检测技术引入试件疲劳试验中,通过对试验过程中声发射信号的分析,获取试件的初始裂纹数据.证明声发射技术可以发现试验中试件的初始裂纹,并对其破坏具有预警作用.     

Effects of adiabaticity and non-adiabaticity of dust charge fluctuation on the propagation of the dust ion acoustic waves in inhomogeneous dusty plasma

A theoretical investigation has been made for adiabatic positive and negative dust charge fluctuations on the propagation of dust-ion acoustic waves (DIAWs) in a weakly inhomogeneous, collisionless, unmagnetized dusty plasmas consisting of cold positive ions, stationary positively and negatively charged dust particles and isothermal electrons. The reductive perturbation method is employed to reduce the basic set of fluid equations to the variable coefficients Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. Either compressive or rarefactive solitons are shown to exist depending on the critical value of the ion density, which in turn, depends on the inhomogeneous distribution of the ion. The dissipative effects of non-adiabatic dust charge variation has been studied which cause generation of dust ion acoustic shock waves governed by KdV-Burger (KdVB) equation. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some dusty plasma environments, such as dusty plasma existing in polar mesosphere region.     

基于最优控制的线性二次型调节器设计及应用

针对古典控制系统设计方法对工程设计人员经验的依赖性,提出了一种线性二次型调节器的最优化设计。并通过一个实例研究在双闭环直流调速系统中的应用,证明此设计相对于经典法的优越性。     

Superthermal electron’s effects on lump solitons structures in magnetized auroral plasma

Based on the considerations of the acknowledgements of the numerous space observations by satellites in the auroral plasma, astrophysics plasmas, spacecraft observations, various plasma models have been framed and revealed different interesting features, like electrostatic structures, solitary waves, double layers, supersolitons, etc. Soliton theory is a very efficient and competent way to describe nonlinear features. Using Viking satellite data in the auroral plasma, we have derived lump soliton solutions of the Kadomstev-Petviashvili (KP) equation by employing Hirota bilinear method. Due to its wide range of applications, the study of lump soliton is very attractive and important too. It has been shown that the lump solitons structures as well as in the one-dimensional form of lump soliton are varied with associated parameters in the auroral magnetized plasma. During the analysis of the features of the lump solitons, it is found that the system parameters play a pivotal role on the lump solitons structures.     

喷嘴式隔板与纵向肋式隔板阻尼效应分析

利用声学模型和单喷嘴声学模拟试验研究了喷嘴式隔板的耗散机理;用数值方法分析了纵向肋式隔板周围的涡流;用声学理论研究了纵向肋式隔板的声场。研究结果表明:选取合适的管间隙将会使喷嘴式隔板具有更好的稳定性作用;肋片周围是涡流产生的主要区域;肋高对燃烧室声学特性的影响远大于肋长。     

基于Kirchhoff方法的亚声速平面混合层主涡对并声场分析

为拓展主涡对并气动声场计算分析方法研究,针对亚声速平面混合层主涡对并流动,采用直接数值模拟(DNS)方法求解获取近场声源,利用二维Kirchhoff频域法和时域法外推声辐射远场,并应用Kirchhoff频域法对主涡二次对并声辐射特征进行分析。研究结果表明:Kirchhoff频域法和时域法具有一定差异性,但与主涡对并直接声计算结果对比,显示二者计算精度相当且均具有较高的精确性。通过Kirchhoff频域法应用分析,清晰揭示出主涡二次对并各声模态与主涡卷起、对并过程的对应相关性,利用频域法这种良好的计算分析性能,本文进一步研究了混合层入口扰动相位差对涡并声场的影响,展现出主导声波在声场中的重要作用。     

激励方式对多段翼型升力特性影响的实验研究

缝道流动参数对多段翼型气动特性非常重要。通常采用改变翼型外形、缝道几何参数组合以及流动主／被动控制来改变缝道流动参数,提高多段翼型的气动性能。在不同的声激励方式下,通过风洞实验的方法研究多段翼型升力特性变化的规律,以探索提高增升效果的新途径。采用NF-3风洞实验,着重研究声源在模型表面的位置及排列方式对翼型升力特性影响的规律,包括单点激励、单排多点激励、多排多点激励、M型多点激励等四种不同的激励方式。结果表明：在GAW一1两段翼型的襟翼上表面加入弱声激励,翼型的升力系数有了一定变化;不同的激励方式对翼型升力系数的影响不同;在研究范围内,单点声激励使翼型的升力系数减小,M型多点声激励使翼型的升力系数少量增加。     

Nonplanar electron acoustic shock waves

The properties of cylindrical and spherical electron acoustic shock waves (EASWs) in an unmagnetized plasma consisting of cold electrons, immobile ions and Boltzmann distributed hot electrons are investigated by employing the reductive perturbation method. A Korteweg–de Vries Burgers (KdVB) equation is derived and its numerical solution is obtained. The effects of several parameters and ion kinematic viscosity on the basic features of EA shock waves are discussed in nonplanar geometry. It is found that nonplanar EA shock waves behave quite differently from their one-dimensional planar counterpart.     

亚临界雷诺数圆柱绕流远场气动噪声实验研究

针对亚临界雷诺数下圆柱绕流的气动噪声问题,在北京航空航天大学D5气动声学风洞中进行了圆柱绕流远场气动噪声的实验研究。在D5气动声学风洞实验段不同来流条件下,测量消声室中距离圆柱不同位置的自由场传声器的远场声压信号,经过快速傅里叶变换(FFT)获得亚临界雷诺数下圆柱绕流气动噪声随来流速度、接收点距离的变化规律。实验结果表明:圆柱绕流的远场气动噪声在垂直气流方向最大,随着偏离垂直方向角度的增大噪声逐渐减小,属于典型的偶极子噪声源辐射特性;远场气动噪声近似与来流速度的6次方成正比,与接收点到圆柱中心距离的2次方成反比,这说明偶极子类型的噪声源是圆柱绕流的主要噪声源。      

铝合金平板超高速撞击声发射信号S2模态特征分析

对铝合金平板上形成的超高速撞击(HVI)声发射(AE)信号S2模态的特征进行研究,分析其与损伤模式之间的关系。以3 mm厚5A06铝合金平板为研究对象,通过数值仿真获得不同撞击工况下的超高速撞击声发射信号,提取信号中的S2模态,并分析其幅值、能量、频谱等特征。结果表明,S2模态能量随传播距离呈指数衰减;分别随撞击弹丸直径和撞击速度的增加先下降后上升,且在弹丸直径与靶板厚度相近、临界撞击速度时最低。S2模态的中心频率随弹丸直径的增加而降低;随撞击速度的增加而增加;随传播距离的增加向1500 kHz移动。S2模态小波包系数呈凹性的频域范围分别随撞击速度和弹丸直径的增大变窄。在此基础上,当靶板形成穿孔损伤时,可根据S2模态的中心频率推测弹丸的直径;在传播距离和弹丸直径已知的前提下,可根据S2模态小波包系数呈凹性的频域范围推测撞击速度。